Suchergebnisse

Commentary on the books by Pedro Aullón de Haro, La Escuela Universalista Española del siglo XVIII (2016), by Pedro Aullón de Haro and Jesús García Gabaldón, Juan Andrés y la Escuela Universalista Española (2017), and by Pedro Aullón de Haro and Davide Mombelli, Introduction to the Spanish Universalist School (Enlightened Culture and Education versus Politics) (2020), that offer the foundation and reconstruction of the Spanish Universalist School of the eighteenth century, one of the decisive moments of Hispanic Culture, and of the History of Ideas and Thought, whose comparatist methodology becomes universalist, resulting in a solid establishment of modern Comparatism as well as a possible orientation or possible content for our current era of Globalization. ; Comentario de los libros de Pedro Aullón de Haro, La Escuela Universalista Española del siglo XVIII (2016); de Pedro Aullón de Haro y Jesús García Gabaldón, Juan Andrés y la Escuela Universalista Española (2017); y de Pedro Aullón de Haro y Davide Mombelli, Introduction to the Spanish Universalist School (Enlightened Culture and Education versus Politics) (2020), que ofrecen la fundamentación y reconstrucción de la Escuela Universalista Española del siglo XVIII, uno de los momentos decisivos de la Cultura Hispánica, y de la Historia de las Ideas y del Pensamiento, cuya metodología comparatista deviene universalista, resultando un sólido establecimiento de la Comparatística moderna así como una posible orientación o posible contenido para nuestra actual época de Globalización.

We study the torsional magneto-elastic oscillations of relativistic superfluid magnetars and explore the effects of a phase transition in the crust–core interface (nuclear pasta) which results in a weaker elastic response. Exploring various models with different extension of nuclear pasta phases, we find that the differences in the oscillation spectrum present in purely elastic modes (weak magnetic field) are smeared out with increasing strength of the magnetic field. For magnetar conditions, the main characteristic and features of models without nuclear pasta are preserved. We find, in general, two classes of magneto-elastic oscillations which exhibit a different oscillation pattern. For Bp 5 × 1014 G. We do not find any evidence of fundamental pure crustal modes in the low-frequency range (below 200 Hz) for Bp ≥ 1014 G. ; AP acknowledges support from the European Union under the Marie Sklodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship, grant agreement no 656370. This work is supported in part by the Spanish MINECO grant AYA2015-66899-C2-2-P, the programme PROMETEOII-2014-069 (Generalitat Valenciana), and by the NewCompstarCOST action MP1304.

Este texto de J.R Albaine Pons abarca la realidad latinoamericana, la cual nos impulsa a buscar los plateamientos sobre ciencia y tecnologia en paises subdesarrollados que si tuvieron exito en su despegue hacia el desarrollo.

Ratas viviendo en pares muestran el efecto compañero envenenado al intoxicar una de ellas con LiCI. Este aprendizaje de evitación socialmente transmitido no ocurre si los animales vivien agrupados. No aparece ni intoxicando un en un grupo de cinco, ni tampoco tres animales en un grupo de cinco. Se discuten los componentes sociales que interfieren con este aprendizaje.

Este texto muestra la conducta de 200 ratones en la prueba de campo abierto bajo los efectos de las inyecciones (IP) de extractos de hojas frescas de Lectuca sativa, Tamaridus indica y Annona muricata a distintas concentraciones.

Se estudiaron ratas agrupadas viviendo en número de cinco por jaula, el dos jaulas de distinto tamaño, unas el doble que las otras; considerando así ratas hacinadas y controles. Las hacinadas presentaron un mayor índice de ambulación en campo abierto, pero no hubo diferencia en número de paradas. Las hacinadas presentaron mayor neofobia y déficits en evitación activa y pasiva, el déficits en evitación activa se mantiene luego de transferir los animales a condiciones normales. El hacinamiento se presenta como estresor que afecta la memoria y el aprendizaje de adaptación en situaciones aversivas.

Este texto analiza los cambios en el peso de los órganos internos de animales de experimentación, los cuales han sido correlacionados con situaciones estresoras. Los cambios en el peso de testículos en ratas y ratones han sido reportados con estos animales en condiciones de vida en grupo.

Este texto muestra una revisión bibliográfica que pretende aportar ciertos conocimientos científicos sobre la biología de Cannabis Sativa (Marihuana), los conocimientos son adquiridos bajo el riguroso método de los laboratorios de investigación, principalmente en animales.

Este texto muestra los principales trabajos científicos del presente siglo en la revista Science 84, la cuál es un órgano de difusión popular de alto nivel científico de la Asociación Americana para el Avance de las Ciencias. Esta revista cumple cinco años de aparición y, como celebración pública, lo que considera son los veinte descubrimientos o investigaciones realizadas en el presente siglo que más han incidido en el cambio de vida experimentado en nuestro siglo veinte.

This paper examines the process of acquiring L2s that are closely related to the L1 through data on how adult French speakers learning L2 Spanish in a formal setting develop knowledge and use of past tenses in this L2. We consider the role of transfer and simplification in acquiring mental representations of the L2 grammar, specifically in the area of tense and aspect, and how learners deal with integrating grammatically encoded, lexical and discursive information, including mismatching feature combinations leading to particular inferential effects on interpretation. Data is presented on the Spanish past tenses (simple and compound past, pluperfect, imperfect and progressive forms) from two tasks, an oral production filmretell and a multiple-choice interpretation task, completed by learners at A2, B1, B2 and C1 CEFR levels (N = 20-24 per level). L1 influence is progressively attenuated as proficiency increases. Difficulties were not always due to negative L1 transfer, but related also to grammar-discourse interface issues when integrating linguistic and pragmatic information in the interpretation process. This has clear implications for the teaching of closely related languages: instruction should not only focus on crosslinguistic contrasts, but also prioritize uses requiring complex interface integration, which are harder to process.

We revisit the various approximations employed to study the long-term evolution of the magnetic field in neutron star cores and discuss their limitations and possible improvements. A recent controversy on the correct form of the induction equation and the relevant evolution time-scale in superconducting neutron star cores is addressed and clarified. We show that this ambiguity in the estimation of time-scales arises as a consequence of nominally large terms that appear in the induction equation, but which are, in fact, mostly irrotational. This subtlety leads to a discrepancy by many orders of magnitude when velocity fields are absent or ignored. Even when internal velocity fields are accounted for, only the solenoidal part of the electric field contributes to the induction equation, which can be substantially smaller than the irrotational part. We also argue that stationary velocity fields must be incorporated in the slow evolution of the magnetic field as the next level of approximation. ; AP acknowledges support from the European Union under the Marie Sklodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship, grant agreement no 656370. This work is supported in part by the Spanish MINECO grant AYA2015-66899-C2-2-P, and by the New Compstar COST action MP1304.

We study ambipolar diffusion in strongly magnetized neutron stars, with special focus on the effects of neutrino reaction rates and the impact of a superfluid/superconducting transition in the neutron star core. For axisymmetric magnetic field configurations, we determine the deviation from β-equilibrium induced by the magnetic force and calculate the velocity of the slow, quasi-stationary, ambipolar drift. We study the temperature dependence of the velocity pattern and clearly identify the transition to a predominantly solenoidal flow. For stars without superconducting/superfluid constituents and with a mixed poloidal–toroidal magnetic field of typical magnetar strength, we find that ambipolar diffusion proceeds fast enough to have a significant impact on the magnetic field evolution only at low core temperatures, T ≲ 1–2 × 108 K. The ambipolar diffusion time-scale becomes appreciably shorter when fast neutrino reactions are present, because the possibility to balance part of the magnetic force with pressure gradients is reduced. We also find short ambipolar diffusion time-scales in the case of superconducting cores for T ≲ 109 K, due to the reduced interaction between protons and neutrons. In the most favourable scenario, with fast neutrino reactions and superconducting cores, ambipolar diffusion results in advection velocities of several km kyr−1. This velocity can substantially reorganize magnetic fields in magnetar cores, in a way which can only be confirmed by dynamical simulations. ; AP acknowledges support from the European Union under the Marie Sklodowska Curie Actions Individual Fellowship, grant agreement no. 656370. This work is supported in part by the Spanish MINECO grants AYA2013-42184-P and AYA2015-66899-C2-2-P, and by the New Compstar COST action MP1304.